Theo Hobson
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View a graphic representation of episcopal inflation in the Church of England
The problems of the Anglican Communion are being sorted out by its leaders, the bishops - well, those bishops who have decided not to boycott the Lambeth Conference. There are still quite a few of them at the Anglican pow-wow: 650 out of a possible 800 worldwide. They are currently enjoying a retreat in Canterbury Cathedral, a sort of holy lock-in. Forgive the heretical thought, but how much would it matter if that ancient edifice suddenly collapsed on the lot of them? Might Christian culture actually be a bit better off?
In the experience of the Church of England, bishops are hardly the key to religious renewal. The number of bishops has more than doubled in the past century, and Anglican allegiance has more than halved. Maybe bishops put the English off their religion.
In the early 19th century there were just 26 bishops. Gradually new dioceses were created, to cater for the rapidly growing cities. But the real episcopal expansion came from the rise of junior, “suffragan” bishops to help out in the larger dioceses. In 1888 an Act was passed that allowed suffragan bishops to be created, and soon every diocesan bishop wanted one, like a new fashion of mitre.
After the Second World War, still more of these sub-bishops seemed necessary. In the Sixties there was a particular mania for reorganisation, and nine new bishoprics popped up. The new bishops were part of the Church's attempt to renew its national role for a new era. But in reality church attendance had just begun its sharp descent. Thus began the familiar pattern: dwindling congregations with more holy bureaucrats to manage the decline.
The English have a funny relationship with bishops. We almost got rid of them in the 16th century, we briefly abolished them in the 17th century (and cut the Archbishop of Canterbury's head off). There's no denying their historical importance: it was antipathy to bishops that galvanised the parliamentary party in the civil war, and the same antipathy subsequently launched England's Nonconformist tradition that played such a key role in Liberal politics. We have certainly been shaped by our episcopal tradition - but as much in the breach as the observance.
Anglicanism is the only form of Protestantism to take bishops so seriously. And this has been a cause of huge internal division. The Anglo-Catholic wing has a tendency to idolise them, as a spiritual elite descended from the Apostles, and the evangelicals are wary of the office - but of course they see it as their humble duty to occupy it rather than cede power to the Anglo-Catholics.
Amid all the media coverage that the Anglican bishops receive, we should remember that their claim to represent British Christians is dubious. The truth is that the majority find bishops a turn-off, and are detached from the institutional Church. In the 2001 Census, 72 per cent of Britons identified themselves as Christian - even though only about 7 per cent regularly attend church (of any denomination). For many of us, bishops represent a pre-modern form of Christianity, rooted in nostalgia for a powerful, authoritarian Church. They are not the means to a renewal of Christian culture in Britain - rather they stand in the way, perpetuating the impression that this religion is wedded to illiberalism.
The godfather of our anti-episcopal tradition is Milton. Four hundred years after his birth, we should stop to think what he would have made of the international episcopal palaver at Canterbury. “Why are you still clinging to this feudal relic, this tired dream of holy authority?” he might ask. “Why can't you see that the gospel spurns hierarchy, and calls us to freedom?”
Theo Hobson is the author of Against Establishment: An Anglican Polemic
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No bishops? Happy thought.
No priests? Even happier thought.
But they con the gullible - and live on, parasitically.
alan, germany,
Look at the graphic, and think about a business.
A catastrophic fall in product sales, in spite of the growth in potential global markets, and rapid growth in senior management numbers, all over the same period.
Anyone recognise a failing business? Don't think I'll invest in this one, thanks.
Bob H, Sonning,
Bill from NY writes, "Contrary to the first assertion, The Episcopal Church is growing."
The National Council of Churches report in February puts the TEC as the fastest declining denomination in the country. That was last year. This year will be much, much worse as whole dioceses leave.
robroy, pueblo, usa
These figures are remarkably similar to those os Admirals vs ships in the Royal Navy. In fact the same as the NHS, Police Force and government officialdom in general.
All as predicted by Cecil Northcote Parkinson in 1945.
Repeal Parkinson's Law !
BP Vallance, LEFKIMMI, Greece
It is not only the Bishops who get mixed up between what God intended and the pressure for change from some of the modernists, it is also the clergy in general who are in two camps. It is up to the people to read their Bible, pray and discern what God is saying and decide if they want to be CofE.
Len, Brussels, Belgium
Is not the perceived need for an increase in Bishops, and associated administration, somewhat of a reflection on the decline in caliber and ability of the average CoE clergy; and as the clergy go so, inevitably, do the bishops from whom they are selected.
Michael Robinson, Virginia, USA
Why doesn't this article go after any form of religion that isn't "on the ropes?" It's too easy to criticize the Church of England, why not choose the Muslims, Jews, or Hindus? Perhaps because it isn't as politically correct as criticizing Christians, a past-time of many a liberal "intellectual."
Brett, Leiden, Netherlands
The Church of Scotland ditched bishops centuries ago, and seem to have done quite nicely thank you without them...
N Patrick, Cambridge,
"The godfather of our anti-episcopal tradition is Milton."
Ever heard of John Knox?
stephen bull, fontes, france
There is no comparison to a bishop in Paul's time, to the ones of today.
Jerimiah 23 speaks clearly of the "shepherds of the flock" [Bishops]. Clearly, the problems of the church today is laid at the feet of the bishops.
Would we miss them if we got rid of them - not for a minute.
Richard Moriarty, Cheneyville, LA, USA
Contrary to the first assertion, TEP (shorthand for The Episcopal Church in the United Statess) is growing. It has lost a few members (less than a thousand) from dissident parishes, but over-all, attendance is up. And on another topic, the Presiding Bishop is widely popular here. Thanks be to God.
Bill, New York City, USA
Why stop with the bishops. Let's get rid of religion and this notion of a bearded wise guy up in the sky
performing magical miracles.
Bruce Northwood, Washington, D.C., USA
To Gordon Bowerman of Austria I would like all of the Europeans to take note of what is happening in the USA. The mainline Protestant liberal churches, including the Episcopal church, are in steep decline but the orthodox, conservative churches, including the catholics, are thriving and growing.
c rl , new orleans, USA
The whole thing is a nonsense. The mysterys of "Arcane Britain" are for Tourist England. and TV History series.
The Monarchy, the House of Lords, the C of E all bear as much relevance to modern England, yes I mean England, as thatched cottages or blast furnaces.
It really is time we woke up
Peter Bolt, Redditch, UK
Will bishops bring renewal to the church? No! It is and the Holy Spirit - if we let Him! Idolising bishops? Yes, that is a dangerous tendency that keeps many from focusing on the Lordship of Jesus. Newark inquires whether the Queen has been jettisoned. Jesus Christ should be head of the Church
David Sseppuuya, Kampala, Uganda
Anglicanism and Catholicism are growing, very quickly. In Latin and South America, Asia, (esp. China) growth dwarfs the decline in Western Europe. Europe's Enlightenment dichotomised faith and reason tore the sacred away from nature. Globally, this secularism is dying, not traditional Christianity.
Brian, Cashel, Ireland
As a member of the Episcopal Church in USofA nearly all of my 48years, I can safely conclude that the majority of our problems originated with and come from bishops. The best thing you could do for us is eliminate the position. I fail to see what they contribute, honestly.
Dan, Fairhope, USA
Actually, a careful reader of the Gospels would recognise that an organisation is needed. Paul wrote of the various offices needed. Bishop is one mentioned in the Scriptures (1Tim 3:1-2) Christ clearly delegated His authority unto specific officers, the author should have considered this.
AlexG, Loughborough, United Kingdom
As Billy Connolly said religion had its chance and messed it up.
Dwindling numbers at churches and scandal in the papers says it all really. The C of E and Catholic church are out of date and dying on their feet
Gordon Bowerman, kitzbuhel, Austria
Mr Hobson seems to be a liberal protestant who sees no need for a link with the apostolic Church. The result of the CofE aligning iteself to the 'spirit of the age' will be further fragmentation & decline. But there are certainly too many bishops & too much bureaucracy in the CofE.
Dave, Wrexham,
The appointment of John Sentenu to York was inspired, and makes one feel there is still some hope for the good old C of E. I pray that the next Archbishop of Canterbury will be an African, as the vibrant heart of the Anglican communion is now in Africa,
David Lewis, Bolton, UK
"perpetuating the impression that this religion is wedded to illiberalism."
Individual needs change with times. Religions and churches have to change accordingly.
"dwindling congregations with more holy bureaucrats to manage the decline."
Net result of inability to change with times.
Krishna R. Kumar, Udupi, India
The problems confronting all branches Christianity is largely self-inflicted by the clergy themselves. How many of the clergy actually believe the bible word for word? Very few one suspects. Trying to bring modernity to ancient beliefs is bound to bring problems with it.
Len, Perth, Australia
As an anti theist, this sounds like a good idea. Give it a try and if it doesn't work we could go back those fairies at the bottom of the garden or the Reverend Monty Python.
M Wilson, Bidache, france
It takes a very special kind of theological illiteracy to produce an article like this. It is the theological and philosophical categories of premodernity, not premodernity's powerful authoritarian Church, that inspires Anglo Catholic defenses of the episcopate.
Ben, Chicago, USA
hmmm... I don't like the religiuos winds wof these days, so I prefer tradition instead. Maybe when other better winds come, I will support a new organisation of the church but at this moment of complete confusion? nooooooo...
Jay Gatsby, Buenos Aires, Arg
But, really, isn't it still the Queen who should have something to say.....maybe or has she been jetisoned too.
Newark, Norwood, USA